How to Buy Essay and Sell It

How to Buy Essay and Sell ItIs it possible to buy essay and sell it? Do you have that unique writing style that you need to market for a living? If you want to make a living as an essay writer, selling your own essay is a way to get your essay out into the world.How do you market essay and sell it? The first thing to do is to write your own essay. It doesn't matter what kind of essay you are writing. Most companies are open to submissions of essay.The first step is to write a nice well written essay. Be sure to put everything in your submission letter such as the name of the author, title of the essay, the place where the submission is to be made, and your contact information. The submission letter will contain all the information that the employer needs to decide if you are the one to hire.You can market essay and sell it by sending it out to your future employers. How do you do this? Well, you send out the essay to your current employer with a bio line that reads 'recommended by he r/his (current employer's name)'. By doing this, you will get a more favorable response from the employer.Also, you need to let them know about your true nature and intentions. Your name should not be listed as the author of the essay. This is so that the employer doesn't hire someone who really wrote the essay.Once you have written your essay, it is now time to market it. You will find a place that specializes in these essays and you will submit your essay. The essay should then be published online. And after that, people will start to see your work and your name will be known to many.What makes this process even more important is that it is your chance to market yourself for an income. You will be able to send out several essays to different companies for one fee. Many companies can offer you a number of different types of essays depending on what they need. You can market essay and sell it by yourself or with the help of a company.

Professional Identity Paper - 1699 Words

The Professional Identity of a Counselor-in-Training COUN5004 The Professional Identity of a Counselor-in-Training What is professional identity? Is it the philosophies that a professional holds regarding their profession? Is it the roles and characteristics that are required in a listing of their job description? Or is it related to the resources available for a working professional to continually develop their skills within their profession? Professional identity is all of these things. According to Healy and Hays (2010): Professional identity is the result of a developmental process that facilitates individuals to reach an understanding of their profession in conjunction with their own self-concept, enabling them to†¦show more content†¦This is also a general characteristic of many counseling professions, and especially so with rehabilitation because the body needs time to heal physically, mentally, spiritually, and socially. Other characteristics of a rehabilitation counselor include critical thinking, negotiation, and the ability to remain calm in order to generate conflict resolution (Chan et al., 2004). There are many resources and organizations available for the professional development of counselors in all areas of specialization. The Association for Addiction Professionals (NAADAC) is a national organization that provides addiction counselors â€Å"†¦nationally-standardized certification, education, and clinical training to obtain the skills, qualifications, and experience that allow you to make progress in your career† (NAADAC, 2013). Their concern for professional development helps addiction counselors by giving them the tools to advance in their careers and continue to develop the personal skills necessary for working with clients struggling with drug, alcohol, and many other addictions. The American School Counselor Association (ASCA) is an international organization that offers â€Å"†¦a wealth of professional development opportunities, from its annual conference to its regularly scheduled webinars, from self-paced topic specialist training to one-day workshops† (ASCA, 2014). While both organizations offer education to the counseling professional,Show MoreRelatedProfessional identity and career paper1483 Words   |  6 Pages Professional identity has been defined as â€Å"the possession of a core set of values, beliefs and assumptions about the unique characteristics of one’s selected profession that differentiates it f rom other professions† (Weinrach, Thomas, Chan, 2001, p. 168). Professional identity is not acquired at once it is a process of one understanding the profession as it relates to trainings, a heritage of theories and an understanding techniques. Professional identity is the results of a developmentalRead MoreDeveloping Your Professional Identity Is Good For Any Profession1099 Words   |  5 PagesDeveloping your Professional Identity An effective professional identity is good for any profession, especially a counseling profession. When a person develops a professional identity it says who they are and what they stand for in that profession. It also says they know about that profession and could tell another anything they would like to know about that profession. When a person knows about there profession they can answer any questions they have about that profession. In this paper the author willRead MoreProfessional Identity and Careers Essay example1433 Words   |  6 PagesProfessional Identity and Careers Paper Professional Identity and Careers Paper The rising need in society for meeting basic physical, emotional, and mental needs demands a greater visibility for the counseling profession that does not exist today. Understanding the definition of the concept of counseling as a professional identity empowers professionals going into this field. In addition to this understanding, there is a need for counselors to develop key characteristics in order toRead MoreAPA PAPER1348 Words   |  6 PagesNursing Degree A survey was conducted with 102 graduates from an associate degree program. The data analysis discussed the graduates’ perception of their comfort level with leadership, delegation skills, management, professional identity and teamwork (Jones Mbewe, 2011). This paper will focus on the areas that the graduates felt inadequate and compare these areas to the focus and content of each program. It will also look at differences in nursing care approaches based on educational backgroundRead MoreThe Professional Identity Of A Teacher1217 Words   |  5 Pagesfor the imparting of both social and academic knowledge. 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My paper is guided by the courses I took in the doctoral program, my personal experience as a supervisor and the gaps in literature review that motivated me to pursue this area of research. In the past two and a half years of my doctoral program, I took courses (advanced clinical supervisionRead MoreEssay1381 Words   |  6 Pagesmultilingual were examined and often their motives and choices for choosing certain content over others to post. I think this research will be useful in my paper because the reach of online gaming spans the globe, and is not restricted to any one area usually. The idea of a diverse networked audience is likely appealing to potential professional gamers, and perhaps their strategy in choosing to communicate could be taken into account, as they choose to communicate with their audience on many platformsRead MorePASTORAL COUNSELOR S IDENTITY AND ETHICS PAPER BClayton1713 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ LIBERTY UNIVERSITY PASTORAL COUNSELORS IDENTITY AND ETHICS PAPER A PAPER SUBMITTED TO DR. STEVEN BROOKS PACO 500 INTRODUCTION TO PASTORAL COUNSELING BY BEN CLAYTON JR. DETROIT, MICHIGAN MARCH 22, 2015 Abstract This paper is comprised of information gathered in order establish and identify ethical boundaries and guidelines that are to be adhered by this counselor. This study also includes information that is needed to obtain necessary licensing and training to ensure proper pastoral care

Economics for Global Decision Makers Mining Industries

Question: Discuss about theEconomics for Global Decision Makers for Mining Industries. Answer: Background Information Trading partnering countries of Australia have immensely helped Australian manufacturing and mining industries. Currently, copper wire manufacturing in China and India has reached to a significant level to say the least. In this particular case scenario, the identified copper wire manufacturing company has to select the most suitable market for production output and exporting. In the existing trade relationship with both the countries, both the Chinese market as well as developing Indian market can be the perfect choice. The research study has been developed to select one of the best markets out of the two based on nature of trade, trading status, export and trade agreements as well as the exchange rates between the countries (Cho and Yoon, 2013). Meanwhile, urbanisation and growth in the different sector in China has largely contributed towards the export as well as import relationship with Australia. As far as the statistics, China is the largest trading partner of Australian econo my leading to significant exports. Analysis and Discussion Nature of Trade and Status of Relationship In order to select the most suitable international market for the copper wire manufacturing firm, a comparative study between the trade relationship of both the countries with Australia has been discussed in the paper. Moreover, the export status of the two trading countries of Australia has been mentioned in the discussion to make the right selection of target market (Siriwardana, 2008). China and Australia China has been identified as the leading economy to receive the shipments of Australian export items. Meanwhile, 32.3% of the entire Australian exports worth US$61.8 billion were received by the Chinese economy during 2015-16. From continental perspective, the Chinese market is the largest economy for Australian exports (Holmes, 2017). Moreover, the growth in the Chinese economy and development of the industry has increased the demand of copper wire output. Herein, the trading relationship of the two economies will largely help the mining firm to sell the products in the Chinese market (Dixon, 2017). Also, the availability of semi-skilled labours will be effective to attain more profitability. More importantly, the China-Australia Free Trade Agreement will also influence the direct sales of copper wire manufacturing in the Chinese economy. As a result of the agreement, the firm will enjoy the tariff free export policy that will eventually increase the profitability of the organisatio n (Broadbent, Rickard and Steven, 2013). Such bilateral free trade agreement between the two economies will ensure copper wire manufacturing companies to pay low tariffs as low as 3-10 percent with 2-4 years (ABC News, 2015). Clearly, the trade policy and exporting relation of the two countries will directly increase the sales margin as well as profitability of the copper wire manufacturing firm in the Chinese market. India and Australia Australia-India bilateral trade relationship can be identified as one of the leading agenda to select India as the most suitable international market for the copper wire manufacturing firm. The strategic trade partnership and trade agreement between the two countries have made exports and imports easier. India is the fifth largest trading partner of Australia to say the least (Alam, Islam and Mukhopadhya, 2013). According to the statistics, US$8.2 billion export value has been shifted from Australia to India which is 4.3 percent of the overall exports of Australia. As far as Free Trade Deal of Australia and India is concerned, the deal offers significant support to the largest Australian exporters (McGillivray and Smith, 2016). Precisely, in the recent years, the trading between the economies has reduced to a significant margin. Therefore, identifying trading agreements, policy, demand and supply outlook of copper products, China can be chosen as the best international market to achi eve the target of sales. On the basis of the bilateral agreements and free trade deals with the two economies, China can be selected as the most appropriate international market to sell the output products of the copper wire manufacturing firm. Alternatively, the reducing trade relations can also be a negative factor that is barring to select Indian market. Furthermore, the growth rate and demand of the copper wire can be influential for the wire manufacturer to sell the products in China. Assessment of the Exchange Rate The exchange rate is an important factor that determines the success of a business in the foreign market. On the other hand, the demand and supply of currency are two key factors that control the exchange rate (Gani, 2010). Furthermore, the higher the exchange rate, the higher will be the profitability of the Australian organisation in the foreign market. A diagram has been presented herein below for better understanding: Figure: Exchange Rate Source: (Yu, 2010) It can be seen from the above figure that the shift of the manufacturing unit of Australian organisations will increase the demand of foreign currency in the upcoming future. In other words, the increase in export of Australian goods in the foreign market will increase the demand for the foreign currency, that will shift the demand curve from D to D1 resulting in an increase in the value of foreign currency (Yu, 2010). Hence, the products in the foreign market will become cheaper; assuming that the price in the Australian dollar of the organisation remains constant. On the other hand, the demand and sales of the products will increase that will enhance the profitability of the organisation (Jayasuriya, MacLaren and Magee, 2009). The prediction of exchange rates between Australia and two selected countries that are China and India has been presented herein below: China and Australia According to the current scenario, the price of one Australian Dollar is equal to 5.25 Chinese Yuan. It can be seen through the previous data that Chinese Yuan has become stronger in the last 10 years as compared to Australian Dollar (Broadbent, Rickard and Steven, 2013). But, the recent volatility in the foreign exchange market has resulted in the fall of the Chinese currencys value. On the other hand, it is expected that the value of Chinese Currency will fall further by the second half of 2017. Prediction says that it may fall to 5.62 Chinese Yuan for 1 Australian Dollar (Tradingeconomics.com, 2017). But, considering the economic growth perspective of China in the long run, it can be expected that the Chinese Yuan will become stronger in the upcoming future. India and Australia In the case of India, the price of one Australian Dollar is equal to 51.37 Indian Rupees. The economic forecast shows that the exchange rate will remain between 50.77 Indian Rupees and 52.16 Indian Rupees by the end of the year (Longforecast.com, 2017). On the other hand, some prediction says that the value of Indian Rupee will become stronger in the upcoming months due to the fast growth of economy of the country. Recommendations By considering the above analysis, it can be said that both the countries have emerged to be the fast growing economies of the world. The foreign exchange rate is more preferable for India in the short run as compared to China. On the other hand, in the long run the Chinese market is more suitable for the Australian organisation to transfer its business in terms of foreign exchange rate (Holmes, 2017). Now, considering the nature of trade and trade relationship between Australia and China, it can be seen that China is the one number importer of Australian goods. On the other hand, China is a fast growing nation with a higher GDP as compared to India. The standard of living of the people in China is much better than that of India (Dixon, 2017). In terms of technology, China is much developed as compared to India (Koutsoukis and Srivastava, 2016). On the other hand, the availability of labour is quite cheaper in India as compared to China. But, when the long run perspective of doing bu siness is considered in the foreign market, China is much better choice as compared to India for a copper wire manufacturer of Australia. Hence, Chinese market is recommended for the organisation to shift its business in the foreign market. Conclusion In the recent years, the trading agreements and export to the China have created a long-term trading relationship between the two economies. Hence, the trading policy and exchange rate will support the sales as well as exports. Rapid expansion in the Chinese market as well as housing industry has automatically increased the demand of metal wire in the country. On the other hand, the decreasing exports to India will not be effective for selecting India as the suitable marketplace for the mining outputs. Conclusively, Chinese market will provide large business security and massive demand contributing to low risk. Also, the cost of production will be reduced to a significant contributing towards the profitability to repatriate 80 percent of the entire profit to Australia. References ABC News. (2015).China-Australia Free Trade Agreement: Pros and cons. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-06-17/china-australia-free-trade-agreement-pros-and-cons/6553680 [Accessed Feb. 2017]. Alam, S., Islam, M. and Mukhopadhya, P. (2013). The Australia India Proposed Free Trade Agreement and Trade in Agriculture: Opportunities and Challenges.The Journal of World Investment Trade, 14(1), pp.167-197. Broadbent, J., Rickard, S. and Steven, M. (2013).India, China, Australia. 1st ed. [Glebe, NSW]: Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales. Cho, S. and Yoon, G. (2013). Sectoral analysis of an AustraliaIndia free trade agreement.Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 19(2), pp.205-229. Dixon, P. (2017). The Australia China Free Trade Agreement: Some Modelling Issues.Journal of Industrial Relations, 49(5), pp.631-645. Gani, A. (2010). Some Aspects of Trade between Australia and Pacific Island Countries.World Economy, 33(1), pp.89-106. Holmes, A. (2017).Australias economic relationships with China Parliament of Australia. [online] Aph.gov.au. Available at: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/BriefingBook44p/China [Accessed Feb. 2017]. Jayasuriya, S., MacLaren, D. and Magee, G. (2009).Negotiating a preferential trading agreement. 1st ed. Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar. Koutsoukis, J. and Srivastava, S. (2016).Australia Says First Trade Deal With India's Modi Is Very Close. [online] Bloomberg.com. Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-04-12/australia-says-first-trade-deal-with-india-s-modi-is-very-close [Accessed Feb. 2017]. Longforecast.com. (2017).Australian Dollar To Rupee (AUD/INR) Forecast For 2017 and 2018-Long Forecast. [online] Available at: https://longforecast.com/fx/australian-dollar-to-rupee-aud-inr-forecast-for-2015-2016-and-2017.html [Accessed Feb. 2017]. McGillivray, M. and Smith, G. (2016).Australia and Asia. 1st ed. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. Siriwardana, M. (2008). The proposed Australia-China Free Trade Agreement: global and country-specific effects.International Journal of Trade and Global Markets, 1(4), p.392. Tradingeconomics.com. (2017).Chinese Yuan Forecast 2016-2020. [online] Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/china/currency/forecast [Accessed Feb. 2017]. Yu, Y. (2010).Trade Remedies. 1st ed.

Trailers Harry Potter and Mission Impossible 2 Essay Example

Trailers Harry Potter and Mission Impossible 2 Paper The use of a trailer to advertise films has developed in the last ten years into an art almost separate from that of making the film itself. As seen last summer when Star Wars Fever was at its height, the release of certain eagerly awaited trailers has become almost as hyped as the release of the film itself. More and more attention is paid towards the making of trailers and teaser trailers, because of the huge role they play in boosting the profits of the film. They have become longer, they give away more of the plot lines than ever before and in some cases specialist directors have been called in to make them.Both of these trailers are teaser trailers. This means that they are released quite some time before the film, in the case of Harry Potter, nine months before the film is due to be released. They contain less information about plots than normal trailers, merely introducing the viewer to the genre and possibly some of the major selling points, although some teasers may be quite minimal. Their basic aim is to get across the information, what film and when its coming out, not to provide detailed information about the film.Harry Potter and The Sorcerers Stone is a film that has been eagerly anticipated for months. The series of books has been hugely popular and the making of the film has been under the public eye ever since the boy to play Harry was chosen. The audience and therefore profit for this film was more or less guaranteed, so giving away plot-lines or establishing genre is less important for this film than it is for Mission: Impossible 2. The trailer therefore concentrates more on showing off other selling points, such as famous actors and special effects.MI 2 although the sequel to a highly successful film cannot rely on instant audiences on sheer hype. It therefore needs to give away much more of the plot and action than the Harry Potter trailer. Mission: Impossible has one major selling point, Tom Cruise. He is an unique selling point in his own right, attracting large crowds into the cinema. This is shown in the way that he is the focus in almost every shot throughout the trailer. He is not introduced until about twenty seconds into the trailer, when the camera quickly zooms into a shot of his face covering the whole screen. He is dangling from a cliff face with one hand, but he doesnt panic like a normal person, he takes one deep breath and gives the camera an Im cool and in control look. With this one shot we are introduced into one of the major themes running through the trailer (and film), Ethan Hunt (Tom Cruise) gets into many dangerous situations but remains cool.Almost all film trailers and films start with a shot of the logo of the film company, in these cases Paramount and Warner Bros. Both of these trailers do this however they take this standard a step further and incorporate the logos into the rest of the trailer. The Paramount logo is of a mountain surrounded by stars, and the word Paramount. This logo is man ipulated by taking it into three dimensions with a helicopter shot panning round the outside of the mountain. This instantly introduces us to rocky mountainous landscapes, making the transition into the first shot of the film, a long helicopter shot, speeding across a barren, rocky desert, seem much more natural. In Harry Potter, the logo is shown, as the non-diagenic words, Theres no such thing as magic! are heard, swiftly followed by the hoot of an owl. Suddenly the logo shakes and owls come flying out of the gold lettering, changing the blue background into a sky-scape. In these first ten seconds, the genre of the film is immediately established.Establishing the genre of the film is a very important part of film trailers. Some trailers, like MI 2 prefer to leave this until later, drawing as much of the audience into the film as impartially as possible. If Mission: Impossible 2, Action Movie, Violence, Gadgets, Girls! was splashed across the screen with the first shot of the trail er, it would discourage a large amount of the viewers from going to see the film. By leaving these statements until later in the film, they hope to increase the range of their target audience. Harry Potter however, establishes its genre almost immediately with the opening words, Theres no such thing as magic! Harry Potter is a household name across the country and so concealing the story line and genre for as long as the MI 2 trailer would be nearly impossible. Instead they grab the viewers attention immediately with the booming slam of a door and loudly spoken words. The trailer then continues at this breakneck speed right up until the last shot.The two trailers are shot in very different styles; MI 2 is shot and cut, using the very distinctive style of John Woo. Woo is well known for his martial arts and action films and uses many camera tricks, shown in this trailer. These unconventional styles give the film a cooler status than Harry Potter which more or less uses the same stand ard style all the way through. Woo is particularly known for his habit of altering the speed of shots, slowing down the frame speed, often during fight scenes. This emphasises the skill and brutality of the fights and allows the viewer to take in more detail, especially facial expressions. This is used principally with Tom Cruise; in the first fight scene we see him execute a spinning kick in slow motion. This allows us to see the anger and concentration on Cruises face and also puts more emphasis on the fluidity of the movement the swinging of Cruises hair following his movement catches the eye.Up until halfway through the MI 2 trailer, there are almost no fast action scenes at all. It is filmed with long, sweeping, panoramic shots, some more than 5 seconds in length. Fades are used instead of straight cuts to add continuity and mise en scene shots are used to show the size and scope of the landscape. And then, louder music cuts in, an explosion rips across the screen as his glass es self-destruct and the action begins. A series of short one or two second cuts begins, showing action from the film. These includes fight scenes, car chases and sex scenes. Many special effects and stunts are shown, with a variety of different camera effects. Frame speed is altered and colour filters are used. Several shots are shown in black and white, this has many effects. It adds contrast and definition to the shot, removing the distraction of colour; it adds dramatic impact to the shot as these black and white shots are in contrast to the rest of the trailer which is shown in colour; it also adds verisimilitude, especially for the younger generation. Black and white has connotations with the truth; CCTV footage is shown in black and white, and television documentaries often contain black and white footage. The flames from the original explosion, licking across the screen link all of these action shots. Adding a sense of violence and danger to the shots, as they are all tinted with red. It also seems to add continuity across otherwise disjointed shots.A similar linking effect is used in the first part of the Harry Potter trailer. After the original flurry of owls covering the screen, a steam train is seen travelling through a valley. It then moves into another shot but as it fades into the next the same train is seen from a different angle. This continues until, finally, we see the train stopped at a station. Fade cuts are almost always used between shots, which gives the trailer an overall feeling of wholeness. It also gives the one time a straight cut is used great dramatic effect, as it appears very sudden. There are also far fewer close-up shots in this trailer; this gives the trailer a feeling of space. This could also be to do with the fact that the actor who plays Harry Potter is not a major star, and the film is more to do with the story or the relationships between the different characters than one major star, like Tom Cruise in MI 2The target a udience of Mission: Impossible 2 is very much teenagers and young adults. The film appeals to their sense of what is cool and what isnt. Tom Cruise wears cool clothes, drives fast cars, and attracts beautiful women. He has a very relaxed attitude towards danger shown when at the end of the trailer he says with a smile, Youve gotta be kidding. This gives him a status among the viewers and makes it a film worth seeing. He is set up as a role model and everything that a young man should want to be like. Harry Potter on the other hand is mainly targeted at pre-adolescent children. This audience is attracted by the fantastic world of wizardry and by the magical special effects shown. Much time is spent showing children flying on broomsticks for example and the soundtrack has many sound effects such as rolling thunder and hooting owls, associated with magic.Both films are linked with a non-diagenic voiceover that speaks a well-known phrase. In MI 2 the almost legendary words, This is your mission should you choose to accept it are spoken by the well-known voice of Sir Anthony Hopkins. This voice continues until the action sequence begins and then again at the end the words, This message will self-destruct in five seconds are heard. These phrases are intertextualities with the television series, in which every episode began with a similar dialogue. Interestingly in both trailers the voiceovers are letters to the main character of the film. In Harry Potter, the equally famous voice of Sir Richard Attenborough, reads the letter telling Harry, You have been accepted to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. This letter will be extremely familiar to children who have read the book, Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone and they will link this trailer, in with the book by intertextuality. People new to Harry Potter will also find their interest evoked by this simple introduction to the story.The soundtrack to the Harry Potter trailer is an especially composed, orch estral piece that links directly in with the action going on during the trailer. For example, we see Harry, Hermione and Ron screaming, but instead of hearing a scream we hear the music reach a climax at exactly the same moment. The music is quiet and tuneful during calm scenes and when there is a frightening or dangerous scene it is loud and threatening.In MI 2 the music is another intertextuality with the television series, from which the main theme for the music was taken. The soundtrack was commissioned to a cool rock band (again adding status to the film among younger people) but still revolved around the same basic theme. The music doesnt fit around the action going on in the trailer, apart from when the loud guitar theme begins simultaneously with the action sequence. Also it pauses to let Cruise say the only diagenic line at the end. Less care was probably taken with the soundtrack in this trailer, as it would probably be reused during the actual film. This is impossible for a tailor-made soundtrack such as is used in Harry Potter.These teaser trailers are much shorter than a normal trailer would be, and instead of immersing us in plot lines, intend to expose us to high-paced special effects and action, instantly grabbing our attention. However short and uninformative they may be, they are still glimpses of what is to come and so command huge amounts of excitement among dedicated fans.

Reflection on aims and learning from course Creative, Cultural and Social Education Essay Example

Reflection on aims and learning from course Creative, Cultural and Social Education Essay Example Reflection on aims and learning from course Creative, Cultural and Social Education Essay Reflection on aims and learning from course Creative, Cultural and Social Education Essay Essay Topic: Creative Education When bearing in mind the needs of children, from nursery all the way through to secondary school many considerations need to be taken into account. It may be useful to reflect on Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs, which can be divided into two main categories; survival needs including those which are physiological; need for food, liquid, oxygen and physical and psychological security and the second category which includes growth needs including love, self-esteem and self-actualisation. When considering the individual needs of children, teachers should think about the range of attributes and experiences, which children may bring to school and how this affects their differing educational, social and spiritual needs. Pollard Tann (1994) identifies various factors that contribute to these needs and the importance of respecting and considering all of them Factors such as sex, social class, race, language development, language styles, health and types of parental support are so numerous and complex in their effects that, although broad but important generalisations about patterns of advantage and disadvantage can be made it is foolish to generalise in specific terms about their ultimate consequences. (Pollard Tann 1994) Including all children involves valuing and using these attributes and experiences to enable each child to be respected as individuals and be given the maximum opportunity to progress. Many cultures provide rich sources of multiplicity. The different backgrounds people bring into the classroom can promote a varied learning experience for all children. The teachers bring along their own ideas, issues and plans, which may have an effect upon the teaching and learning qualities within the class. Additionally, the environment the children enter may be different to any other experience they have ever known. Culture affects everything people have, think and do as members of their society because material objects, ideas, values and attitudes, and normative or expected patterns of behaviour make up culture. Ferraro 1990:18) Due to the multi-faceted, multi-cultural society we live in, the school has a duty to plan for all of our children in order that they may play a fulfilling and dignified role within it, building on the strengths of cultural diversity. The National Advisory Council for Creative and Cultural Education (1999) (NACCCE) report upholds this view when suggesting that although schools are unable to guarantee to deliver an end to prejudice, they are in a position to help, inform and educate, therefore confronting prejudice and discrimination. (NACCCE 1999) The National Curriculum Handbook sets out the programme schools are required to teach. The Code of Practice 2000 details a continuum of need. Need can mean a variety of things and is not a unitary concept, though it does suggest a lack of something. Biologically we need food, shelter and warmth. Social needs however are the need for friends and acquaintances. When meeting these needs, the self-esteem needs, where being competent and recognised become important. In this way, needs may be seen in a variety of ways: physical, emotional, social, aesthetic, spiritual, intellectual (Maslow, cited in An Introduction to Teaching, Desforges,C. 1998) Culture can be concluded as a phenomenon that has an effect on everything. It can be defined in many ways. Culture is learned, not genetically inherited. An important definition of culture identified by Hofstede Culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one human group from another. Hofstede (1980) Within the classroom the adults and children have different attitudes about their cultural identity, as perceived by them and by others. Though important to each individual, some may choose to change their own culture. In todays society this is possible, by marriage, education or immigration. Just by making the move to a neighbouring village or across the town can have an impact upon peoples own culture, changing it to whatever degree they may choose. Furthermore, some may wish to be included in more than one group, therefore becoming bicultural. Bicultural education should be an enriching experience, broadening the range of choice for cultural identity. Relations and interactions with predominant environments become inherited and remain part of the culture known and recognised. However, each generation adds something new of its own, which is then passed on, hence cultural shifts and temporal change. Each generation believes their culture to be the correct one, this may be when this is the only one learned, therefore, the indication that the need to educate our young people about diverse cultures and right and wrong is now, more than ever, a priority. This is critical when culture prescribes the behaviour that may be considered acceptable within a social group. In order that children understand the influence the past has upon the present they need to engage in historical debate. The NACCCE report further emphasises this point whilst discussing change a knowledge of the past is essential to understanding the present (NACCCE 1999), this may then help them to consider how they may influence the future (Cogan 2000). This could be in relation to environmental factors such as global, pollution and conflict between nations, not merely a political exercise. (Cogan 2000) By encouraging responsible behaviour both in and outside the classroom childrens self confidence is increased and they begin to develop social and moral responsibilites towards authority and each other. The development of links between learning that takes place in the confines of the classroom and the outside world will help children to appreciate their role as citizens. Encouraging the development of enquiry, teaching children how to communicate for different arenas and participate across a wide range of experiences will further extend childrens knowledge about what kind of citizen they want to be and indeed can be. However, due to media coverage and as a result of personal experiences it is clear that there has been a decline in the process of encouraging positive citizenship roles to the younger generation. This is further reported by the government within the Crick report (1998) and is the reason why it is now at the forefront of the education process to encourage the development of citizenship. Reports such as the Crick report have been processed to highlight the requirement of such a subject to hit right across the curriculum. Citizenship is now statutory at key stages three and four, and guidelines exist for key stages one and two. Within my current workplace citizenship has been allocated one hour per week teaching time as the headteacher recognises the importance of an early start to educating children of the role they will play in later life within society. The NACCCE outlined the importance of teaching for todays society The Government is committed to planning an education service that will meet the challenges of the twenty-first century (NACCCE 1999). Previously, provision was through general guidelines. The guidelines sought to establish development through a cross-curricular approach. Ensuring awareness was extended beyond subject knowledge in order to create a broad and balanced curriculum. A report for the Qualification and Curriculum Authority (QCA) Citizenship and Personal Social and Health Education (PSHE) Team produced by Jean Rudduck, (March 2003) cited in Erickson and Schultz (1992) highlighted the importance of such work in developing pupils identity. Jackson (1922) suggests that developing voice is an important way of helping young people form a critical awareness of their own ends, means and capacities in learning an echo of the argument put forward in support of citizenship education. Schools councils may well provide this outlet for developing voice. Both in primary and secondary, schools councils are becoming more prevalent. Moreover their powers are affecting the culture of schools. However this may depend upon the school. The management of the school council may indeed have an effect on how successful it is. Some schools may hold the council as a show of tokenism. Children may well be seen to have a voice, however they have little or no choice in the issues discussed. They may not be encouraged or even allowed to formulate their own opinions. Hart emphasises this point in exclaiming that adults may be manipulative in using the childrens voices to carry out their work (Hart 1992). Newly qualified headteachers are beginning to convey in schools new initiatives and think about how schools can be enriched by providing a variety of learning. As further education and teacher training take into account research into childrens learning and the many documents published for example the Crick Report and the NACCCE report. Childrens learning can be enhanced by using a variety of strategies which develop and encourage creativity. Creativity is the theoretical framework that underpins practice. According to Peter Jenkinson (2002), creative partnership is potentially one of the most powerful programmes linking culture and education in a generation. He continues that it will provide significant shifts in schools and in the creative and cultural community. Everyone has the right to access and participate in culture, and that education understood in its broadest sense should be a key priority for all creative and cultural organisations Jenkinson, P. (2002) The NACCCE report (1999) proposes that creative and cultural education are related, creativity drawing from cultural contexts and culture a product of the complexity and diversity of human creativity. It is therefore a must that educationalists recognise this and promote them through the school curriculum (NACCCE 1999) In order for this to happen planning must be part of the process and considered in the learning outcomes. However, this can cause difficulties. The teachers hours of teaching are carefully monitored, it is very difficult for them to have the time to plan for each subject to involve so many different areas, even the most experienced teachers have difficulty. Over the previous years the focus has changed and more innovative teaching is looked for, teaching which Provides a broad range of worthwhile curricular opportunities that cater for the interests, aptitudes and particular needs of pupils taking particular account of the effect of any innovative practice Ofsted (2003) Though, the internet does provide a rich source of information. Help with planning cross-curricular work is also included in the unit plans issued by the QCA. The Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) is looking for evidence of this when observing schools. The framework for inspecting schools sets out guidelines; within this framework they set out the criteria in which they will inspect. Of particular significance is the detailed look at childrens relationships, the organisation of the classroom and seating in groups of children, termed streaming in some schools. Such elements may be included under the term hidden curriculum. Kelly emphasises that the hidden curriculum is those things which students learn because of the way in which the work of the school is planned and organised but which are not in themselves overtly included in the planning or even in the consciousness of those responsible for the school arrangements (Kelly 1988:8). This would agree with the findings of Roland Meighan (1981: 52) when he suggests that the hidden curriculum may be all the other things that are learnt during schooling in addition to the official curriculum cited in The Morality of The School Bottery, M. (1990). It is important to identify the significance of balancing the needs of the individual with those of society. According to Sugrue (1997) the teacher has responsibilities not only to the children, but also to society by shaping learners into good citizens and educating them in cultural traditions. Childrens needs and interests must be tempered by social requirements (Sugrue 1997) In conclusion teachers must be aware that they are contributing to tomorrows society and therefore children have a right to fulfill their potential. Schools are required to encourage learning that enables the children to succeed with societys requirements. Sugrue (1997) debates Entwistles (1970) ideas Respect for individual difference must be protected and promoted, needs and interests recognised, while wider social interests and responsibilities cannot be ignored.

Nursing Practice over the Last Two Centuries Essay

Nursing Practice over the Last Two Centuries - Essay Example In addition, nurses stated getting profession training in nursing schools. Nurses acquired their skills through apprenticeship. While the practice enabled the nurses to handle their patients because of the knowledge they had acquired, they did not have the theoretical comparisons that they could make. In the twentieth century, nursing practice registered more changes where nurses acquired professional training as well as joining professional bodies. The setting of more nursing school has promoted standardization of the nursing practice (Mosse & Harayama, 2011). In nursing school nurses do not only learn how to handle their patients, but also how to handle social and administrative issues. Initially, nurses took a diploma or an advance diploma. The introduction of bachelor degree and masters degree programs enables nurses to embrace the most modern trend of disease analysis and patient care. The mode of practice also registered changes with many nurses combining spiritual and medical practice while attending to the patients. Other changes include information management in the nursing practice. Although the nursing practice has relied on patient information since the olden days, in twentieth century, record management was critical in nursing practice (City TownInfo. Com, 2010). Administration as well as working codes for nurses has also faced numerous changes. Some of these changes include practice methods and social approval of the practice among others. My views on BSN v ADN My views have greatly changed following the BSN course. With the advanced diploma course, I was only able to handle specific cases in nursing whereas the BSN prepared me to handle complex exercises, which nurses with advanced diploma in nursing cannot handle. For example, delivery health care may pose challenges to nurses with advance diploma. The content of information and research conducted in this area at BSN level is instrumental in handling these cases. Largely, the training covers the biological, physical, and behavioral sciences, which are critical in handling patients. While advance diploma covers most of the aforementioned areas, it tends to specialize of a given area. For instance, ADN in perioperative cases exposes the nurse to handle issues within his specialization as opposed to other areas. It is evident that specialization limits the ability of a professional to handle multitask. I believe BSN offers in depth coverage on administrative skills that

An Analysis of the Fourth Amendment Research Paper

An Analysis of the Fourth Amendment - Research Paper Example The conduct and practice of the authorities was consistent with the view that the authorities had unlimited powers over all their subjects and could search their private residences at their own whims. Legal scholars and historians connect the origin of the fourth amendment to the old English law, which was equally challenged on the grounds of the excessive powers wielded by the King in searching or arresting persons suspected of certain violations. The fourth amendment was viewed as a culmination of critics of the search system who insisted that the authorities and the executive should be guided by very specific limits when conducting searches on private citizens (Galiano 26). On this matter, some of the issues that attend to the subject of the searches include the motives under which the authorities may act when executing their searches and the capacity of the limitations that should guide the entire search processes. The amendment was considered as a restoration of the rights to pr ivacy of citizens and the limits for action on the part of state officers and other parties acting for and on behalf of the executive. General warrants had allowed the executive to selectively apply the law in ways that suited the limited or political interests of the executive. As such, it was necessary for the state to revamp the constitution in ways that laid structural obstacles in the possibility of misusing the law to suit the private interests of the political class. Increasing concerns that the general warrants had permitted the executive to suppress the opposition and muzzle the media led to the protests and criticisms that eventually culminated in the abolition of the general warrants. The general understanding of the fourth amendment is the validity and force of a warrant can only be obtained through the sanctioning of the judiciary. Effectively, the amendment altered the powers of the executives by determining the specific details upon, which a warrant may be sought and the manner in which it may be applied in order to meet the thresholds of legality (Maclin 58). The curtailing of the powers of the executive through the abolition of the general warrant is one of the important features of the fourth amendment. On this score, it might be argued that the determination of the rights of the citizenry as brought about within the warrant entailed the structural revision of the systems that had allowed and condoned the adoption and application of warrants in unspecified ways. The limitations of the traditional systems gave room to the abuse of office since the executive could engage in suppressive or oppressive activities in ways that promoted the denial of rights to the citizenry. The Fourth Amendment stipulates the conditions under which warrants may be permissible (Taslitz 39). One of the fundamental features of the Fourth Amendment is that it foregrounds the condition of reasonability in the execution of a legal search or arrest. The Amendment explicit ly outlaws any forms of unreasonable searches, which in effect affirms that value of human freedom and the expression of individual privacy as key factors that require the protection and safeguarding by the government (Schulhofer 66). On this matter, it becomes